Shiva Chalisa

Shiva Chalisa is a "forty verse" prayer. Verses are recited or chanted by groups. The acts and deeds of Shiva are recalled in these verses to aid the devotee to meditate on virtuous and noble qualities.

ll Doha ll
Jai Ganesh Girija Suvan, Mangal Mool Sujaan l l
Kahat Ayodhyadas Tum, Dehu Abhaya Vardan l

ll Chaupai ll
Jai Girijapati Deen Dayala, Sada Karat Santan Pratipala
Bhal Chandrama Sohati Neeke, Kanan Kundal Nag Phani Ke

Ang Gaur Shiv Ganga Bahaye, Mundamal Tan Kshar Lagaye
Vastra Khaal Baghambar Sohe, Chhavi Ko Dekh Nag Muni Mohe

Maina Matu Ki Priya Dulari, Bam Ang Sohat Chhavi Pyari
Kar Trishul Sohat Chhavi Bhari, Karat Sada Shatrun Shaykari

Nandi Ganesh Sohe Tanha Kaise, Sagar Madhya Kamal Hain Jaise
Kartik Shyam Aur Gana Raau, Ya Chhavi Ko Kahi Jaat Na Kaau

Devan Jabhee Jaaye Pukara,Tabahin Dukh Prabhu Ap Nivaara
Keen Upadrava Taarak Bhari, Devan Sab Mili Tumhee Pukari

Turat Shadanan Ap Pathayo, Luv Nimesh Mahi Mar Girayo
Ap Jallandhar Asur Sanhara, Suyash Tumhar Vidit Sansara

Tripurasur Sang Yuddha Machayi, Sabahin Kripa Kari Leen Bachayi
Keeya Taphin Bhagirath Bhari, Purahi Pratigya Tasu Purari

Darpa Chhod Ganga Tab Ayee, Sewak Astuti Karat Sadahee
Ved Naam Mahima Tav Gayaee, Akath Anadi Bhed Nahin Payee

Pragati Udadhi Manthan Mein Jwala, Jare Surasur Bhaye Vihaala
Mahadeva Tab Kari Sahayee, Neelkantha Tav Nam Dharayee

Poojan Ramchandra Jab Keenha, Lanka Jeet Vibhishan Deenha
Sahas Kamal me ho rahe dhaari, Keenha Pareeksha Tabahi Purari

Ek Kamal Prabhu Rakheu johee, Kamal Nayan Poojan Chahin Soyee
Kathin Bhakti Dekhi Prabhu Shankar, Bhaye Prasanna Deya Icchhit Var

Jai Jai Jai Ananta Avinasi, Karat Kripa Sab Ke Ghatvasi
Dushta Sakal Mohi Nitya Sataven, Bhramita Rahe Mohe Chain Na Aave

Trahi Trahi Main Nath Pukaro, Yeh Avasar Mohi Ani Ubaro
Lai Trishool Shatrun Ko Maro, Sankat Se Mohi Ani Ubaro

Mata Pita Bhrata Sab Hoi, Sankat Mein Poochat Nahi Koi
Swami Ek Hai Aas Tumhari, Aaye Harahu Mam Sankat Bhaari

Dhan Nirdhan Kon Det Sadaee, Arat Jan Ki Peer Mitaee
Astuti Kehi Vidhi Karahu Tumhari, Shamhu Naath Ab Chook Hamari

Shanker Ho Sankat Ke Nashan, Vighna Vinashan Mangal Kaaran
Yogi Yati Muni Dhyan Lagave, Sharad Narad Sheesh Navave

Namo Namo Jai Namah Shivaye, Sur Brahmadik Par Na Paaye
Jo Yeh Path Kare Man Layee, Tapar Hot Hain Shambu Sahayee

Riniya Jo Koi Ho Adhikaari, Paath Kare So Paavanhaari
Putra Heen Ichha Kar Koi, Nishchaya Shiv Prasad Tehi Hoi

Pandit Triyodashi Ko Lave, Dhyan Poorvak Hom Karave
Triyodashi Vrata Kare Hamesha, Tan Nahi Take Rahe Kalesha

Dhoop Deep Naivedya Chadhavai, Shanker Sanmukha Path Karavahi
Janam Janam Ki Pap Nasave, Anta Vaas Shivpur Men Paave

Hey Shankar Hai Aas Tumhari, Dukh Peera Ab Harahu Hamari

ll Doha ll
Nit Nem Kar Praatha Hee ,Paath Karo Chaalis l
Tum Meri Manokaamna, Puran Karo Jagdeesh ll
Magsar Chhati Hemant Ritu, Sanvat Chausadh Jaan l
Astuti Chaalisa Shivhi, Puran Keen Kalyaan ll

Brahma

Characteristics :	Creator, Generator
Other Names :	Nabhija, Hiranyagarbha, Kanja
Consort :	Saraswati
Abode :	Brahmaloka
Weapon :	Brahmastra
Vahana (Vehicle) :	Swan
Brahma Gayatri Mantra:	Aum Parmeshwaraye Vidmahe Paratattvaye Dheemahi Tanno Brahma Prachodayat

Brahma - The Creator
Brahma is considered as the first god of the Hindu Trinity, the other being Vishnu and Shiva. Lord Brahma is recognized as the creator of the Universe. Brahma is regarded as the Supreme Being, the god of gods. Lord Brahma is the originator and the generator of the mankind. Brahma symbolizes the universal mind, as creation is the work of the mind and the intellect. If we consider this, from an individual's point, Brahma represents one's own mind and intellect. As an individual is god gifted with the mind and intellect, then it may be assumed that a person has already attained Brahma.

This could be the possible reason that worship of Brahma is not so popular among the Hindu people. However, he is worshipped by seekers of knowledge, such as students, teachers, scholars and scientists.

Lord Brahma - The Image
Hindu God Brahma can be seen as a four-faced, four-armed, bearded deity. He carries a rose and a book in the upper hand; a water pot (Kamandala) in the lower hand and one hand is always there to bestow grace. The four faces represent the holy knowledge of the four Vedas (Riga, Yajur, Sama and Atharva). It symbolizes that Brahma is the foundation of all the knowledge required for the creation of the universe. The four arms represent the four directions and therefore symbolize that Lord Brahma is the omnipresent and the omnipotent.

The white beard conveys wisdom and the long beard gives the idea that creation is a never-ending process. The crown on the head of Brahma implies that the Lord has the supreme power and authority over the process of creation. Brahma sitting on a lotus represents the creative power of the Supreme Reality. The white color of his clothes symbolizes purity.

As per the Hindu mythology, a swan is possessed with an exceptional discerning sense, which enables it to distinguish pure milk from a mixture of milk and water. Brahma uses the swan as a vehicle, which is known for its discerning abilities. This conveys the idea that, there is only one Supreme Reality from which the entire universe emanates.

Avatars of Vishnu

Lord Vishnu is prominent as the Preserver of the universe. Vishnu's restoring, shielding and conserving powers have been apparent in the world in a sequence of ten mortal incarnations known as Avatars. The avatars appear in order to balance the effect of good and evil upon the earth. It is believed that nine avatars have already descended, three in non human form, one in hybrid form and five in human form. Of the ten universally recognized avatars, nine have already appeared whereas the tenth is yet to appear. These ten avatars are also known by the name of Dasha Avatar of Vishnu.

All the Avatars are mortal form of Lord Vishnu, who himself is eternal, consistent and undeniable. The Dasha Avatar of Vishnu are briefly discussed here:

Matsya Avatar - Lord Vishnu in the form of Fish
The first avatar, Matsya, was taken by Lord Vishnu at the end of the Satyuga (last age), when a flood destroyed the world. Through this avatar, he saved humanity and the sacred Veda text from the flood.

Kurma Avatar - Lord Vishnu in the form of Turtle
The second avatar, Kurma, was taken in the Satyuga (last age) to help the Devas and to obtain the amrut (nectar) of immortality which was also sought after by the Asuras (demons). He helped in creating the world by giving support of his back through this avatar.

Varaha Avatar - Lord Vishnu in the form of Boar
The third avatar, Varaha, was taken at the end of the last flood in the Satyuga, when Bhoomi Devi (Earth Mother) sank to the bottom of the ocean. Vishnu, in the form of varaha, dived into the ocean and raised the goddess out of the ocean, supported by his two tusks.

Narsimha Avatar - Lord Vishnu in the form of Half - Man and Half - Lion
The fourth Avatar, Narsimha, was taken in the Satyuga (last age) to kill a tyrant demon king. Narsimha is the only avatar which was Hybrid in form being half human and half animal.

Vamana Avatar - Lord Vishnu in the form of a Dwarf
The fifth avatar, Vamana, appeared in the Tretayuga in order to destroy Bali, the king of demons. He came during a huge ceremony conducted by the king and cleverly asked for just three feet of land, measured by his own small feet. Vamana covered whole of the earth and the heaven, subduing Bali into his feet.

Parshurama Avatar - Lord Vishnu in the form of a Brahmin
The sixth avatar, Parshurama, appeared in the Tretayuga to destroy the warrior caste. When the kings of the earth became despotic and started to harm people and saints in the forest, Vishnu incarnated as Parshurama and destroyed all the kings who were harassing the people.

Rama Avatar - Lord Vishnu in the form of the King
The seventh avatar, Rama, the prince and king of Ayodhaya, appeared in the Tretayuga, to rescue Sita with his loyal servant Hanuman and his brother, Lakshmana, and killed the demon Ravana. Lord Rama became one of the most popular gods in the Hindu religion.

Krishna Avatar - Lord Vishnu in the form of a Cowherd's Boy
The eighth avatar, Krishna, along with his brother Balarama, appeared in the Dwaparyuga to kill the demon king, Kansa. Lord Krishna conveyed the message of love and humanity to the world. Krishna told the epic poem Bhagavad Gita to the warrior Arjuna ,in which he acclaimed : ''Whenever Dharma, or the situation of law and order, is endangered on this world, I incarnate onto this world to re establish Dharma, law and order, and to protect the Sadhus or saints and to destroy the evil elements of the society.''

Buddha Avatar - Lord Vishnu in the Form of Buddha
The ninth avatar, Mahavira Buddha, appeared in the Kalyuga, to teach the lesson of following a middle path in life. ''Buddha'' means 'the enlightened one'. He taught that all sorrow comes from attachments and desires, so it's better to curb all attachments in order to remain happy.

Kalki Avatar - Lord Vishnu in the form of Horse
The tenth Avatar, Kalki, ("Eternity", or "time", or "The Destroyer of foulness"), is yet to appear on the earth. And it is expected to appear at the end of Kali Yuga, the time period in which we currently exist, which will end in the year 428899 CE.

Lord Rama

Characteristics :	Morality, Virtue, Ideal son, Ideal king
Other Names :	Shri Ram, Ramachandra, Maryada Purushottama
Principal Scripture :	Ramayana
Consort :	Sita ji
Mula Mantra :	Om Sri Ramaya Namah
Rama Gayatri Mantra :	Aum Dasarathaye Vidmahe Sitavallabhaya Dheemahi Tanno Ramah Prachodayat

Lord Rama
Lord Rama is known as the seventh incarnation of Lord Vishnu. Rama, the perfect avatar of the Supreme Protector Vishnu, has always been popular among the Hindu deities. Rama is the symbol of courtesy and virtue, a man of values and morals. Ramachandra is Maryada Purushottama, which means the perfect man. Lord Rama is considered to have taken birth on the earth to destroy the evil forces of the age.

Lord Rama, in the words of Swami Vivekananda, is "the embodiment of truth, of morality, the ideal son, the ideal husband, and above all, the ideal king". Rama is widely accepted to be an actual historical figure - a "tribal hero of ancient India" - whose deeds form the great Hindu epic of Ramayana or The Romance of Rama, written by the ancient Sanskrit poet Valmiki. According to the Hindus belief, Rama lived in the Treta Yug. Although historians are of the conviction that Rama was not particularly deified until the 11th century AD. Tulsidas' wonderful version of the Sanskrit epic "Ramayana" into "Ramcharitmanas" greatly enhanced the popularity of Rama as a Hindu god and gave rise to various devotional groups.

Virtues of Rama
Shri Rama was a paragon of virtues. Rama was not only kind and affectionate but generous and considerate of feelings for all around him. Lord Rama had a marvelous physique and captivating manners. Shri Ram had a magnanimous personality. He was extremely noble, generous, chivalrous and fearless. He was very simple and absolutely free from flamboyance.

Lord Rama is considered as a son unequalled in the world, and resembled Dasaratha in each and every aspect of good qualities. He never spoke a lie throughout his life. He always offered respect to the scholars and the elders, people loved him and he adored the people. His body was transcendental and outstanding. He was eloquent, attractive and adjustable to circumstances. He knew the heart of each and every human being on the earth (being omniscient). He had all the conceivable qualities of a king's son and was dear to the people as their own hearts.

Lord Rama was endowed with incredible transcendental qualities. The earth personified adored him, who was possessor of such virtues, who was indomitable, who was brave, and who was the unequalled Lord of all. To put succinctly, Sri Rama's life was a life of holy compliance, of stainless purity, of matchless simplicity, praiseworthy contentment, commendable self-sacrifice and remarkable renunciation.

Legend of Lord Rama
As per the widespread legends, Lord Rama is considered as the seventh incarnation of Lord Vishnu, who took an Avatar to annihilate the demon king Ravana. Rama is known for his stainless personality and matchless simplicity. Shri Ram is one of the popular gods of Hindu religion.

Names of Lord Rama
Lord Rama is the one of the commonly worshipped gods of the Hindu religion. Shri Ram is recognized as the seventh incarnation (Avatar) of Lord Vishnu, the preserver of the Universe. Lord Ram is known for his virtues. Ram is the great lord of Hanuman, the ultimate disciple. Sri Ram is also known as Maryada Purushottam Ram because he is the epitome of righteousness.

Hanuman

Characteristics :	Strength, Divinity and Quick Wits
Other Names :	Pawanputra, Marutinandan, Bajrangbali, Anjaniputra
Principal Scriptures:	Ramayana, Shiva Mahapurana
Mula Mantra :	Om Shri Hanumate Namah
Hanuman Gayatri Mantra:	Aum Anjaneyaye Vidmahe Mahabalaye Dheemahi Tanno Hanumat Prachodayat

Hanuman is considered to be an avatar (incarnation) of Lord Shiva. Shri Hanuman, a great disciple of Sri Rama, is the symbol of devotion and dedication. Lord Hanumana is a provider of courage, hope, knowledge, intellect and devotion. Hanuman is in the form of Vaanar (monkey). He is usually pictured as a strong monkey holding a gada (mace) which is a sign of bravery and having a picture of Lord Rama on his chest which is a sign of his devotion to Lord Rama.

Birth of Hanuman
Hanuman was born in the Treta Yuga, to Anjana, a female vanara and Kesari, a strong vanara .This birth was planned by the Supreme lord with a perfect idea in the mind. The combination of Vanara and the celestial gave Hanuman strength, divinity and quick wits - his main characteristics. Being Anjana's son, Hanuman is also called Anjaneya, which plainly means "arising from Anjana".

Hanuman- The Brahmachaari
Hanuman remained a Brahmachaari throughout his life, an unmarried, celibate god. He is especially popular with body-builders, who believe that like him, one need to be celibate in order to have a strong body. Hanuman always treated women in the form of Mother and Sister. There are many incidences in the great epic Ramayana where this fact is proved.

Lord Hanuman - A Great Disciple
Hanuman has intense love for his Lord Rama which can be considered from this instance. Once Hanuman was asked by Sri Rama, "How do you consider me?". Hanuman said: "Oh Lord, while I identify myself with my body, I am Thy servant. When I consider myself an individual soul, I am Thy part. But when I look upon myself as the spirit, I am one with Thee. This is my firm conviction."

Worship of Hanuman
Hanuman is worshipped for his strength, agility and valor. The worship of Hanuman, symbolizes the worship of the Supreme Lord, for acquiring knowledge, physical and mental strength, truthfulness, sincerity, self-sacrifice, modesty, loyalty, and profound devotion to the Lord. Sri Hanuman was blessed by Sri Rama with immortality (chiranjeevi). Every temple of Sri Rama contains an idol of Hanuman. Worship of Hanuman is considered mandatory to complete the worship of Lord Rama.

During Chaitra (in between March-April), Hanuman Jayanti is celebrated to honor the birth of Hanuman, the monkey god widely acclaimed throughout India.

Hanuman Aarti
Hanuman Aarti completes the worship or prayers made to the God. It is believed that aarti provides a completion to the puja .This aarti of Shri Hanuman is also known Bajrangbali Aarti.

Shri Hanuman Chalisa
Shri Hanuman Chalisa is a prayer of "forty verses". Verses are recited or chanted by groups. The acts and deeds of Lord Hanuman are recalled in these verses to aid the devotee to meditate on virtuous and noble qualities.

Names of Hanuman
Lord Hanuman is the epitome of devotion and dedication towards his Lord Rama. Shri Hanuman is considered as the avatar or incarnation of Lord Shiva. Hanuman is also known as the Monkey God, who represents strength, valor, wisdom, intellect and sincere devotion. Hanuman is a powerful God who observed celibacy throughout his life.

Legends of Hanuman
Hanuman ji is considered as the incarnation of Lord Shiva. Shri Hanuman is one of the popular gods of the Hindu religion and is worshipped all over the world. Life of Hanuman is a legend in itself, for his immeasurable love towards his Prabhu Ram.

Krishna

Characteristics :	Strength, Beauty, Knowledge, Opulence
Other Names :	Kanhaiya, Gopal, Keshava, Kanha
Principal Scriptures :	Mahabharata, Bhagawad Gita, Vishnu Purana, Bhagavata Purana
Mula Mantra :	Om Kleem Krishnaya Namah
Krishna Gayatri Mantra:	Om Daamodharayae Vidmahee Rukmani Vallabhaye Dheemahee Tanno Krishna Prachodayaath
Consort :	Rukmini ji

Lord Krishna is one of the most popular and worshipped deities of the Hindu religion. Krishna is considered as the eighth avatar of Lord Vishnu, the divine. Shri Krishna is the very embodiment of love and divine ecstasy that destroys all pain and offense. Lord Krishna took birth over five thousand years ago in Mathura, India to Devaki (Sister of Cruel Demon-King Kansa) and Vasudeva in the prison cell of the tyrant Kansa. The sage Narada had predicted that Kansa would be killed by his nephew, so the king killed Devaki's first six children. The Seventh, Balarama escaped and the eighth, Krishna was clandestinely exchanged for a cowherd's daughter.

A Great Lover - Krishna
Krishna was greatly attached to his foster mother, Yashoda. The lord had immense love for cows being nurtured in the cowherd's family. In his childhood, he was really fond of Makhan (butter) and there are many famous mischiefs regarding this love. Later Krishna loved to play flute and used to seduce the village girls. His favourite was Radha who is claimed as the love of Krishna. And this is one of the famous love stories of Hindu mythology. The Lord is usually remembered and worshipped as Radha-Krishna. The pair symbolizes the eternal love between people and god. Krishna is recognized as the god of Hasya or humor and a messenger of peace.

Virtues
Sri Krishna is the naturally loving and sweet aspect of Vishnu, Lord of Srimati Radharani and center of the spiritual abode. Krishna is the defender of sacred utterances. Krishna is a trickster and lover, a mastermind of all forms of knowledge and born to set up the religion of love. He is also known for his bravery in destroying evil powers throughout his life.

Phrase from Bhagavad Gita
It is believed that the Supreme Lord comes down from time to time in this material world to reestablish the teachings of the Vedas. Lord Krishna promises in his Bhagawad Gita: "Whenever and wherever there is a decline in religious practice, O descendant of Bharata, and a predominant rise of irreligion--at that time I descend myself. To deliver the pious and to annihilate the miscreants, as well as to reestablish the principles of religion, I myself appear millennium after millennium."

Krishna Aarti
Shri Krishna Aarti completes the worship or prayers made to the God. It is believed that aarti provides a completion to the puja .This arti of lord Krishna is also known as Janmashtami Aarti, which is usually sung on the birthday of Krishna.

Krishna Chalisa
Krishna Chalisa means a prayer of "forty verse", which praise and entreat Sri Krishna with devotion. They are recited over and over again to recall the virtues of Krishna, the Lord, in order to aid the disciple to meditate on good and righteous qualities.

Names of Lord Krishna
Sri Krishna is one of the most lovable deities of the Hindu Religion. Lord Krishna is regarded as the eighth incarnation or avatar of Lord Vishnu. Krishna took birth in the Dwaparyuga, according to the Hindu Mythology. God Krishna is the personification of love and ecstasy that vanishes all pain and sin.

Vishnu

Characteristics :	Protector, Preserver
Other Names :	Narayan, Adinath, Hrishikesh, Badrinath
Principal Scriptures :	Vishnu Purana, Vishnu Sahasranama
Consort :	Lakshmi, The Goddess of Wealth
Abode :	Vaikuntha
Mount (Vahana) :	Garuda (The Eagle Bird)
Weapon :	Chakra and Gada (mace)
Mula Mantra :	Om Namo Bhagwate Vasudevaya
Vishnu Gayatri Mantra:	Om Narayanaya Vidmahee Vasudevaya Dheemahi Tanno Vishnu Prachodayaat

Lord Vishnu is considered as the chief god in Hindu religion and Indian mythology. Vishnu, the preserver, forms the part of the trinity while the other two being Brahma and Shiva, respectively, as the creator and destroyer of the universe. It is believed that Vishnu is an eternal and universal spirit associated with the primeval waters that pervaded before the creation of the universe.

Vishnu - The NameLord Vishnu is known by numerous names and a thousand names are given in the book '' Vishnu Sahasranama''. The name Vishnu has its roots in a Sanskrit word 'Vish ', which means to pervade. God Vishnu is all pervading but known more by the avatars (incarnation) he took on the earth.

Vishnu - the Preserver
To understand the concept of Vishnu being the preserver of the world, one has to understand the two beliefs of Hinduism. The first is that men attain salvation by faithfully following predetermined paths of duty. The Second is that powers of good and evil (gods and demons) are in regular controversy to rule over the world. It is believed that whenever evil prevails over good in order to win, Vishnu comes down to earth in some mortal form to save righteousness. As per the Puranas, Vishnu is not allowed to interfere in the situations directly. So, he takes different avatar and act in manners that will re-establish proper balance between good and evil.

Vishnu - The Image
According to numerous Purana, Vishnu is the ultimate omnipresent reality. Still, he is depicted as a four-armed male-form indicating his all-powerful and all-pervasive nature. The skin color is new-cloud-like-blue which indicates his all-pervasive nature, blue being the color of the infinite sky as well as the infinite ocean on which he resides. Vishnu has the mark of sage Bhrigu's feet and the srivatsa mark, symbolizing his consort Lakshmi, on his chest. A crown decorates his head symbolizing his supreme authority. He rests on Ananta, the immortal and infinite snake.

Avatars of Vishnu
Lord Vishnu is prominent as the Preserver of the universe. Vishnu's restoring, shielding and conserving powers have been apparent in the world in a sequence of ten mortal incarnations known as Avatars. The avatars appear in order to balance the effect of good and evil upon the earth. It is believed that nine avatars have already descended, three in non human form, one in hybrid form and five in human form.

Shiva

Characteristics :	Destroyer, Kind Hearted
Other Names :	Shambhu Nath, Bhole Shankar, Shiv Shankar
Principal Scriptures:	Shiva Mahapurana
Consort :	Parvati
Sons :	Ganesha, Kartikay
Abode :	Mount Kailash
Vahana (Vehicle) :	Nandi (The Bull Representing Strength and Happiness)
Mula Mantra :	Om Namah Shivaye
Shiva Gayatri Mantra:	Aum Panchvakraye Vidmahe Mahadevaye Dheemahi Tanno Rudra Prachodayat

Lord Shiva or Siva is considered as the destroyer of the world. Shiva is one of the most popular gods of the Hindu religion. Lord Siva forms the part of the Trimurti (Trinity), the other being Brahma, the creator and Vishnu, the preserver. Shiva is known for the complexity of his nature, representing contradictory qualities. He is the destroyer and the restorer, the great ascetic and the symbol of sensuality, the kind herdsman of souls and a wrathful avenger.

Lord Shiva- The Role
Lord Shiva represents the vital goodness in the form of Satyam, Shivam, Sundaram i.e.; Truth, Goodness and Beauty .Lord Shiva performs a celestial role of dissolution and recreation of the universe, that's why; he is mostly associated with the words, like destroyer and destruction. The role of Shiva is often confused with these terms and the difficulty arises, when the significance of his celestial role is not understood.

The conception is clear itself by a slight balance between the opposing forces of good and evil. When this balance gets disturbed and continuation of life becomes unfeasible, Lord Shiva dissolves the universe. This is known as '' pralay '' and it is done in order to create another cycle .So that the unliberated souls will get another opportunity to liberate themselves from the bondage of the material world. To put succinctly, Siva protects the souls from pain and suffering that is generated by the unhealthy universe.

Shiva - The Giver
Lord Shiva is known as the ''giver god'', lord of mercy and kindness. He always protects his devotees from evil forces like lust, greed and anger. He is the most kind -hearted God who grants boons and bestows grace to his devotees.

Shiva - The Image
Lord Shiva has the unclad body covered with ashes symbolizing the transcendental aspect of the universe. Siva's three matted locks represent the integration of the mental, physical and spiritual energies. The crescent moon becomes the part of lord's ornament symbolizing the time cycle through which creation evolves from the beginning to the end. The three eyes of Lord Shiva suggest: the Sun is his right eye, the Moon is the left eye and fire, the third eye.

The Snake around his neck symbolizes the yogic power, which he uses to dissolve and recreate the universe. The Rudraksha necklace worn by the lord shows that he uses his celestial powers without compromise,to maintain law and order. The trishula (trident), symbolizes the Lord's three fundamental powers of will (iccha), action (kriya) and knowledge (gyana).The damaru (drum) and its two sides separated from each other symbolizes the two entirely dissimilar states of existence, invisible and evident.

The bull, Nandi is linked with Shiva and it is considered as his vehicle. The bull symbolizes both power and ignorance. Tiger's skin makes Lord Shiva's clothing and his seat, which illustrates the idea that he is the source of potential energy during the dissolution of the universe. Thus, Lord Shiva is well-regarded as the ultimate organizer of the birth and death in the corporeal world.

Shiva - The Lingam
Shiva is worshipped in his invisible and an unborn form, known as the lingam. Lingam is always accompanied by the Yoni, which is the female part, adjoining the base of the lingam. The lingam symbolizes the male creative power of Shiva.

Shiva Chalisa
Shiva Chalisa is a "forty verse" prayer. Verses are recited or chanted by groups. The acts and deeds of Shiva are recalled in these verses to aid the devotee to meditate on virtuous and noble qualities.

Shiva Legends
Shiva is considered as the destroyer of the universe, in Hinduism. Shiva is a complex god, in terms of nature and represents contradictory qualities, being the destroyer and the restorer simultaneously. There are numerous legends surrounding Lord Shiva and his powers. Here're a few popular stories of Lord Shiva.

Names of Shiva
Lord Shiva is considered as the destroyer of the Universe as per the Hindu Mythology. Shiva is one of the most popular gods of the Hindus. Lord Shiva is a complex god like goddess Kali, being destroyer and restorer at the same time. Shiva is also known as Bhole Shankar, the innocent god, who gets appeased easily.

Shiva Legends

Shiva is considered as the destroyer of the universe, in Hinduism. Shiva is a complex god, in terms of nature and represents contradictory qualities, being the destroyer and the restorer simultaneously. There are numerous legends surrounding Lord Shiva and his powers. Here're a few popular stories of Lord Shiva.

Story of Shiva Lingam - Why Shiva is worshipped in the Phallic Form
This is an interesting story regarding the worship of Lord Shiva in the phallic form. It is believed that once Brahma and Vishnu, the two deities of the Trinity, got into an argument regarding their supremacy. Lord Brahma declared himself to be more admired, being the creator. While the preserver, Vishnu, pronounced that he commanded more admiration. Just then a huge pillar of fire (lingam), called as Jyotirlinga, appeared in flames, before them. This Lingam enthralled both Brahma and Vishnu, with its hastily increasing size.

With this incident, they forgot their quarrel and decided to find its size. Vishnu took the form of boar and went to the netherworld. Brahma assumed the form of a Swan and flew to the skies. However both of them were unsuccessful in completing the self-assumed tasks. At that time, Shiva appeared out of the lingam and acknowledged that he was the progenitor of both, Brahma and Vishnu. So, he should be worshipped in his phallic (lingam) form, and not in the anthropomorphic form.

Story of Shiva and the Hunter
Here is one more interesting story of Lord Shiva, showing his merciful nature. Once a hunter was wandering in a dense forest, to chase a deer and suddenly he found himself on the banks of river Kolidum, where he heard the roar of a tiger. In order to defend himself from the tiger, he climbed up a tree close by. The Tiger sat on the ground below the tree without the purpose to leave.

The huntsman stayed at the tree whole night and to keep himself awake, he plucked one leaf after another from the tree and threw it down. There was a Shiva Lingam under the tree and gracefully the tree turned out to be a ''bilva'' tree (leaves of this tree are adored by Shiva). Without any knowledge, the huntsman had delighted the deity by pouring Bilva leaves all night. With the arrival of the sun, the hunter looked down and found the tiger gone. In its place, Lord Shiva was standing and he prostate before the lord. With Shiva's blessings, he attained salvation from the bondage of the material world.

Thevaaram Lyrics

 

 

om

Guru Brahmaa Guru Vishnu

Guru Devo Maheswara

Guru Saaksaat Param Brahma

Tasmai Shri Guruve Namaha

1.    Gayatri Mantra

Om Bhur Bhuvah Suvaha

Tat Savitur Varenyam

Bhargo Devasya Dheemahi

Dhiyo Yo Nah Prachodayat

Vakratunda Mahakaaya

Suryakoti Samaprabha

Nirvighnam Kuru Mey Deva

Sarva Kaaryeshu Sarvada

2.    Mahamrityunjay Mantra

Om Trayambakam Yajamahe

Sugandhim Pushti Vardhanam

Urvarukamiva Bandhanat

Mrutyor Mukshiya Mamrutat

3.    Ganesha Gayatri Mantra

"OM Ekadantaya Vidmahe

Vakkratundaya Dheemahi

Tanno Danti Prachodayat"

4.    Shiva Gayatri Mantra

"Om Tatpuruṣhaya Vidmahe

Mahadevaya Dhimahi

Tanno Rudrah Prachodayat"

5.    Shanmukha Gayatri Mantra

Om Thatpurushaya Vidhmahe

Maha Senaya Dhimahi

Thannah Shanmukha Prachodhayat

6.    Vishnu Gayatri Mantra

Aum Narayanaye Vidmahe

Vasudavaye Dhimahi

Tanno Vishnu Prachodayat

7.    Hanuman Gayatri Mantra

Om Aanjaneya Vidhmahe

Vayu puthraya Dheemahe

Thanno Hanumant Prachodayath

8.    Lakshmi Gayatri Mantra

Om Mahadevyai Cha Vidmahe

Vishnupatnyai Cha Dheemai

Tanno Lakshmi Prachodayat

9.    Surya Gayatri Lyrics

Aum Bhaskaraya Vidmahe

Mahadyutikaraya Dheemahi,

Tanno Adityah Prachodayat

Gananam tva Ganapati gum Havamahe

Kavim Kavinam Upamasra vastamam

Jyestharajam Brahmanam Brahmanaspat aana s

Srnvan nuti bhissi dasadanam

Sarva Mangala Mangalye

Shive Sarvartha Sadhike

Sharanye Tryambake Gauri

Narayani Namostute

OM SAHANAVAVATU, SAHA NAU BHUNAKTU,

SAHA VIRYAM KARAVAVAI

TEJASVINAVADHITAMASTU MA VIDVISHAVAHAI

OM SHANTI SHANTI SHANTIKI

    
  

1.      Pidiyathan Urugumai

Pidiyathan Urugumai Kolamihu Kariyathu
Vadikodu Thana Thadi Valipadu Maavaridar
Kadikana Pathivara Arulinan Mihukodai
Vadivinar Payilvali Valamurai Yiraiye. 

2.      Thodudaya Seviyan

Thodudaya Seviyan Viday Yeriyor Thoovan Mathi Soodi
Kaadudaya Sudalai Podi Poosiyen Ullam Kavar Kalvan
Edudaya Malaraan Munai Naatpaninthu Eththa Arul Seytha
Peedudaya Pirama Puram Meviya Pemman Nivanantrey.

3.     Sortunai Vethiyan

Sortunai Vedhiyan Sothi Vaananvan
Portunai Thirunthadi Prountha Kai Thola
Kartunnai Poodi En Kadalil Paatchinum
Nattrunai Aaavathu Namachi Vaayave

4.      Eru Mayil Eri Vilayadu Muham Onre

Eru Mayil Eri Vilayadu Muham Onre
Eesan Udan Gnana Moli Pesum Muham Onre
Koorum Adiyarhal Vinai Theerkum Muham Onre
Kuntruruva Vel Vaangi Nitra Muham Onre
Maaru Padai Soorarai Vathaitha Muham Onre
Valliyai Manam Punara Vantha Muham Onre
Aaru Muham Aana Porul Nee Arulal Ventrum
Aathi Arunasalamum Amarntha Peru Maane

5.      Thullu Matha Velkai

Thullu Matha Velkai Kanayale
Thollai Nedu Neela Kadalale
Mella Varu Solai Kuyilale
Mei Yuruga Maanai Thaluvaaye
Thellu Thamil Paada Thelivone
Seyya Kumaresa Thiralone
Vallal Tholu Gnana Kadalone
Valli Mana Vaala Perumale 

6. Vaan Muhil Valaathu Peyha

Vaan Muhil Valaathu Peyha
Mali Valam Surakka Mannan
Konmurai Arasu Seika
Kurai Vilathu Uyirhal Vaalha
Naan Marai Arangal Onga
Nattavam Velvi Malka
Menmai Khol Saiva Neethi
Vilanhuha Ulaham Ellam 

  

7. Olivalar Vilakke Uvappila Onre

Unarvuchuz katanthath Or uNarve !

Thelivalar palinkin thiralmanik kunre !

chiththaththuL thiththikkum thene !

Alivalar ullath(thu) Ananthak kaniye !

ampalam Ataran kaka

Velivalar theyvak kuththukanthAyaith

Thontanen vilampuma vilampe !

8. Muththineri ariyadha murkkarodu muyalvenaip (Thiruvaasagam)

Muththineri ariyadha murkkarodu muyalvenaip

paththineri ariviththup pazavinaigal parumvannam

chiththamalam aruviththuch chivamakki enaianda

aththanenak karuliyava rarberuvar achchovE                     

(Aththan yenakku aruliyavaru arperuvar achchove)

9. Chemmainalam ariyadha chidhadarodun thirivenai (Thiruvaasagam Continutation)

Chemmainalam ariyadha chidhadarodun thirivenai

mummaimalam aruviththu mudhalaya mudhalvandhan

nammaiyumor porulakki naychivigai ettruviththu

ammaiyenak karuliyava rarperuvar achchovE                  

(Ammai yenakku aruliyavaru arperuvar achchove)

 

1.      Murugan atsharamaalai - Anbarukku Anbanae

 anbarukku anbane nee vA vA muruga

       Aaru padai veedudaiyai vA vA muruga      

         

      inbamaya jodhiye nee vA vA murugA

       Eesan umai balagane vA vA murugA              

     uraganadhan marugane nee vA vA murugA

       Umaikkarul purindhavane vA vA murugA        

     ettukkudi velava nee vA vA murugA

       Erumayil Eriye nee vA vA murugA              

     aingaranukku ilaiyavane vA vA murugA

       Aarumuga velavane vA vA murugA              

     oyyari vallilola vA vA murugA

       Ongkara thaththuvame vA vA murugA              

     owvaikku ubadhesiththava vA vA murugA

       agila loga nayagane vA vA murugA              

     Odiva nee Odiva nee vA vA murugA

       Aadiva nee Aadiva nee vA vA murugA    

           

2.      Lorg Muruga Song

Then Pazhani Naddanukku Hara Haro Hara

Eru Mayil Velanukku Hara Haro Hara

Hara Haro Hara Murugaa Hara Haro Hara

Hara Haro Hara Shanmuga Hara Haro Hara

Swami Malai Naadanukku Hara Haro Hara

Thiruchen Thoor Velanukku Hara Haro Hara

Marutha Malai Kandhanukku Hara Haro Hara

Sakthi Vadi Velanukku Hara Haro Hara

Hara Haro Hara Murugaa Hara Haro Hara

Hara Haro Hara Shanmuga Hara Haro Hara

1.      Om Shakthi  Om – Bharathiyar Song

Om shakti Om shakti Om Parashakti 

Om shakti Om shakti Om

Om shakti Om shakti Om shakti

Om shakti Om shakti Om shakti Om

Ganapati raayan avaniru

kalai pidittiduvom

Gunam uyarndidave vidudalai

koodi magizhndidave  (Om shakti Om shakti)

Sollukkadangave parashakti

shurattanangalellam

vallamai tandiduval parashakti

vazhiyenre thudippom (Om shakti Om shakti)

Vetri vadivelan avanudai

virattinaip pugazhvom

suttri nillade pO! Paghaiye!

tulli varugudu vel (Om shakti Om shakti)

Selvat tirumaghalai dhidam kondu

cintanai seididuvom

selvamellam taruval namadoli

dhikkanaittum paravum (Om shakti Om shakti)

1.      Brahma Muraari Surarchita Lingam

Brahma Muraari Surarchita Lingam
Nirmala Bhaashita Sobhitha Lingam
Janmaja Dhukha Vinaasaha Lingam
Tatpranamaami Sadaashiva Lingam

Devamuni Pravaraarchita Lingam
Kaama Dahana Karunaakara Lingam
Ravana Darpa Vinaasaha Lingam
Tatpranamaami Sadaashiva Lingam

Sarva Sugandha Sulepitha Lingam
Buddhi Vivaardhana Kaarana Lingam
Siddha Suraasura Vandhitha Lingam
Tatpranamaami Sadaashiva Lingam

Kanaga Mahaamani Bhooshitha Lingam
Panipati Veshthitha Sobitha Lingam
Daksha Suyajna Vinaasana Lingam
Tatpranamaami Sadaashiva Lingam

Kunkuma Chandhana Lehpitha Lingam
Pankaja Haara Susobhitha Lingam
Sanchitha Paapa Vinaashana Lingam
Tatpranamaami Sadaashiva Lingam

Deva Ganaarchita Sevitha Lingam
Bhavair Bhakhi Bhirevacha Lingam
Dinakara Koti Prabhaakara Lingam
Tatpranamaami Sadaashiva Lingam

Ahshta Dalopari Veshthitha Lingam
Sarva Samudbhava Kaarana Lingam
Ahshta Daridra Vinaasana Lingam
Tatpranamaami Sadaashiva Lingam

Suraguru Suravara Poojitha Lingam
Suravana Pushpa Sadarchitha Lingam
Paraath Param Paramatmaka Lingam
Tatpranamaami Sadaashiva Lingam

Lingashtaka Midam Punyam
Yah Pathet Sivasannidhau
Sivaloka Mahaapnoti
Sivehna Saha Modatheh 

 

2.      Gauri Nanda Gajanana

gauri nandana gajanana girija nandana niranjana || 2
parvati nandana shubhanana || 2
parvati nandana shubhanana
shubhanana shubhanana
parvati nandana shubhanana
shubhanana shubhanana || 2
gauri nandana gajanana girija nandana niranjana
parvati nandana shubhanana || 2
shubhanana shubhanana || 2
paahi prabho maam paahi prasanna
gauri nandana gajanana girija nandana niranjana
oh..gauri nandana gajanana girija nandana niranjana
parvati nandana shubhanana
shubhanana shubhanana || 2
parvati nandana shubhanana
pahi prabho maam paahi prasanna || 2
gauri nandana gajanana girija nandana niranjana
oh..gauri nandana gajanana girija nandana niranjana
girija nandana niranjana || 2

Namakkal Fort and Temple Tour (Namakkal - Tamil Nadu)

Namakkal Fort and Temple Tour (Namakkal - Tamil Nadu)

Last Saturday, I made up my mind to go to Namakkal. It would be a temple tour especially. The biggest issue with temple tours always is the timings. Temples always close during noon (Nadai Moodudhal). So the trip has to start early in the morning and get over by noon before say 1 pm.

I pulled myself out of the bed at 6 am. Got ready and since my cook ditched me, had to get my breakfast from the hotel. A typical South Indian breakfast of 4 idlies and I was off to Namakkal by around 8. It was a beautiful day and the climate was great and was slightly drizzling.

I reached Namakkal at 9 and first in the list was Ranganathar Koil. Asking the locals how to go about, I started walking the directed lane. While I was walking the Namakkal fort was so well visible and I was filled with awe. Half the way, was Narasimhar Koil. But my mom had told me, Ranganathar Koil, being a very small temple, closes early. I asked the vendors outside the temple, to direct me to the Ranganathar Koil and I was told it opens also late. Well, then let me start with Narasimhar Koil.

Its located in the western side of the hill. The Vishnu in Narasimhar Koil is Sri Lakshmi Narasimhar and the devi here is Sri Namagiri Lakshmi. Vishnu here is in his fourth incarnation of Narasimhar – The lion, I which he comes out of the pillar and kills Hiranya Kasibhu with his claws during an evening, to defy all the powers of Hiranya and protect his devotee Prahaladha. It is said that the anger of Narasimhar after killing Hiranya Kasibhu was calmed down by Lakshmi in Namakkal. This was built by Adhiyaman Gunaseelan in 8^th Century.

This temple is a cave temple, i.e, the garbha graham (sancutum sanctorum) is created by digging into the cave 10 feet deep. The rest of the temple including the Ardha Mandabam, Maha mandabam, Namagiri Thayar’s sanctum sanctorum and entrance is located outside the cave. There is no Vimanam at the entrance.

Within the sanctum sanctorum, the Narasimhar is seated in the Virasanam with one leg folded and another leg placed on the ground. He has 4 arms. The palm of the front right hand is in the blessing posture. It has a purple tint. It’s said that it’s the tint of the blood of Hiranya Kasibhu. The two arms behind had Sangu (Conch shell) and Chakkaram (Wheel). On either sides are Suryan(Sun) and Chandran(Moon) waving the Samaram(Fan). Lord Shiva and Lord Brahma are on either sides trying to cool His temper. Since all 3 Gods are here, this is considered a Trimurthy Stalam. Lakshmi is not on his lap as usual but in the pendant on His heart.

On the right is the Ongi Ulagalanda Perumal. This is not a stand-alone sculpture, but a bas relief. There is Vamanan – The short one (Vishnu’s fifth incarnation), beside with Mahabali Chakravarthy and Sukrachariyaar. Sukrachariyaar is seen to be giving instructions to Mahabali. After Mahabali grants all wishes, the reforms himself as the Ulagalandha Perumal. Namusi is seen almost in inverted ‘U’ shape after been thrown to the sky by Perumal. Jambavan (a holy bear) is seen beside Namusi. There is a horse to the right as well.

Further to the right is the Varaha Avatharam (the pig incarnation). All the four vedams (scriptures) are seen atop His nose. One of His legs is seen only till the knee and another till the ankle. Adhisheshan (His snake) and Niladevi are seen below trying to search His feet, for a Paadha Darisanam.

To the left is Abhaya Narasimhar – helper, with all other gods praying Vishnu to stop the evil deeds of Hiranya Kasibhu and to kill him.

To further left is the Ugra Narasimhar - angry, in the process of killing Hiranya Kasibhu.

Outside the Garbha Graha are the shrines of Ramanujar, Krishnar, Ramar etc.

Namagiri Thayar’s sanctum sanctorum is located to the left and...

... to opposite if the Sthala Vruksham with several prayer thottil (cradles) tied up. There is a Gopuram atop Namagiri Thayar’s shrine.

There are several inscriptions everywhere on the floor and walls in ancient Tamizh.

After having a great Darshan and a friendly Gurukkal who stopped his devotees for some time to explain me every sculpture and bas relief in detail, I just crossed the road to meet Hanuman, the leader of all the superheroes!!!

The Hanuman here is 18.5’ high. This Anjaneyar/Hanuman was essentially open to all without any walls. During ancient days, with single storied buildings all around, this was a very tall structure and could be seen from a very long distance and even neighboring villages. But now recently, with several high rise buildings beside, this is not seen from long. Further a compound wall has been constructed around this but without ceiling and open to see Narasimhar and worshipping Him.

 

Well, it is a practice to leave the footwear outside the temple. And in bigger temples with huge crowd, there are these free footwear counter which take care of our footwear and a token is given as a proof. Something like a locker room. I found these 3 girls at the footwear counter. The daughters of the lady there. I found them too irresistable to capture in my frame. This is the result. :)

From there, I reached the Ranganathar Koil. The Ranganathar Koil is located to the eastern side of the fort.

This is at an altitude from the ground level. After climbing up by 100 steps, I reached the temple. Within the Ardha Mandabam, I had to climb up by some 10 steps to reach the Garbha Graha to see the huge Vishnu in Anantha Sayanam (Sleeping posture). This too is dug 10 feet inside the hill. This temple was built by Vijaya Narasimha Pallavan. His sculpture is below Ranganathar.

The Adhiseshan (snake) here has lion face. This is very unusual and is called KaarKotakam. This is to specify his greatness as the king of all snakes. There are several bas relief’s behind Vishnu’s sculpture including Brahma (on the lotus emanating from Vishnu’s belly button), Naradha, Madhukadaibhar, Suryan, Chandran etc.

On the right, is the bas relief of Sankara Narayanar (Right half – Shiva; Left half – Vishnu). On the left is the Ongi Ulagalandha Perumal as in Narasimhar Koil.

Outside to the left is the Garbha Graha of Laksmi. It has a Gopuram.

Further to the right and left of the temple are small ponds at that altitude. That was surprising for me. I asked the Gurukkal if the pond was having ‘ootru neer’ for which he said it was the rain water which flows from the hill and gets collected her. These ponds were around 7 -8 feet deep and within the ponds were several snails.

Above those ponds were huge honeycombs. I really loved them.

Then started off from there and tried to find the base of the route to climb up to the Namakkal fort. With the stunning climate and bellowing clouds above the fort, the walk was perfect. This was built by RamaNayak, a Nayak ruler. It was great trip towards the fort. As usual as the altitude rises, the wind, without any restriction blows fiercer and faster.

 

Unfortunately, I couldn’t venture into the fort as it was closed for public viewing at present due to renovation going on inside. All these temples and the fort are protected by the Archeological Survey of India (ASI) and are Places of National Importance.

After spending some time there above, I came down and walked to the busstand. On the way is the Kamalalaya Kulam – the holy tank of Sri Mahalakshmi’s Tapovanam (Garden).

Namakkal is the place where Mathematical Genius Ramanujan lived.

It was past 1 pm by then and I started my backward journey and reached home with the blessings of Narasimhar, Ranganathar and Anjaneyar.